2raysdiver

I have a 13700K and the 120SE keeps it nice and cool. While not strictly necessary, tower coolers work best when you have intake fans in the front blowing right into the cooler which pulls/pushes air through the towers towards the exhaust fan at the back. They aren't quite as efficient in fishtank cases but still pretty darn good.

A GPU does not have a Master Boot Record. That is for storage devices only. It does not mean that UEFI isn't required, though (or that it IS required).

Thermalright Peerless Assassin or Phantom Spirit. They may have another 2 tower cooler as well. Inexpensive and better than many 240 AIOs and nearly as good as the best 240 AIOs.

Not bad. However, you do know DeepCool is banned in the US because they sell products to the Russians.

Before you remove the cooler for a repaste, turn on the PC for a couple minutes. This will soften the existing thermal paste and make it easier to remove the cooler.

Most people will get their answers quicker if they just use google. At least the google AI links to the sources it uses so you can see if it was telling the truth.

Well your CPU doesn't even meet the minimum requirements for Expedition 33 or Stellar blade. E33 suggests a 1600X for 1080p low settings and 30fps, and SB suggests a 1600X for 1080p low settings at 60fps. That info is readily available with a quick google search.

You can set it to go to sleep in Windows Power settings after so much time of non-use. I personally never completely power off. I either let it go to sleep or put it to sleep myself. It isn't like the XP days and before when lots of stuff had memory and resource leaks that required you to reboot every few days to maintain performance.

Do you have vsync enabled? You should be able to go higher in Valorant.

It depends. One AI project has already canceled a huge RAM order. We are not sure if others will follow. But other manufacturers are already in the process of building fabs or swapping over other chip fabs to produce RAM. There may also be new fabs in the work. In the US, it can take ten years to build out a brand new facility because of permitting and other government bureaucracy. But in Taiwan, they can put up a new facility in 2 years and convert an old one in under a year. And some RAM producers are already switching to CXMT supplied RAM chips (A Chinese produced not allowed in the US) in Europe and Asian markets. CXMT was already producing DDR5 RAM, although not at the quantities that the big three are. And they have been ramping up production since the beginning of the year. So, could RAM get cheaper this year? While there is that possibility, I don't think so. It is more likely that we might see a decrease in prices next year. I think there are a number of factors that come into play. First, if anyone else cancels a big order, that could ease pressure on supply. But the manufacturers aren't just going to drop prices because of it. It will take time for price drops to be realized here. Second, the big three are all working on increasing RAM density and Micron is supposed be be coming out with new higher capacity chips this year, if they haven't already. So, instead of producing 100 TB of 16GB chips in a single run, they would be producing 200TB of 32GB chips in a single run, effectively doubling production of memory capacity but still producing the same number of chips. These AI centers aren't looking for 2x16GB kits. They want to put 128GB to 512GB of RAM int a single server. So this could also ease pressure on sonsumption of the smaller quantity kits that are used in the consumer market. Third, CXMT, as mentioned above, and others start to produce RAM in quantities that starts to add to the supply. There is so much profit margin that these new suppliers can significantly undercut the big three and still pull in loads of profit. That decrease will likely trickle down quicker than either of the above. Keep in mind that between covid and the AI boom, we were seeing historic lows in PC components across the board. A 2x16GB kit of DDR5 cost between $300 to $400 when it was initially released in 2021. 16MB (megabytes) (also the amount of RAM you needed to allow Windows 95 to run smoothly with more than a couple of simple apps running - like 16GB is considered today) of RAM cost $600 or more in 1994-1995. We are still a long way from seeing record highs for RAM prices.

Some very sound advice. While my gamer PC has been a i7-13700K with a 4070 Ti for almost 2 years now, I recently cobbled together a PC with spare parts I had lying around with a i7-6700K and a RTX 4060, and I have been surprised by just how well it performs with a lot of games, even many AAA games. I've been having a lot of fun with it. The only game that was limited by CPU was Rivals and I was still getting over 100fps. I did see some stuttering, but once I let the shader rendering complete (over 2 hours!!!!) the stuttering went away. NFS Heat is probably second with both CPU and GPU in the 80% utilization range at 1440p high/ultra. Hogwarts at 1440p high ultra sees 100fps with GPU in the 85% to 95% range and the CPU in the 50s for utilization. 1080p is 130fps avg. However, I do suspect it might choke on Borderlands 4. There are people here who talk like anything less than 7800X3D is a slide show. It isn't. There are still plenty of people happy with their 10th gen intels and their Zen 2 CPUs and even older CPUs.

That is where the profit is. The consumer market is in an uproar over the price increases, meanwhile, these datacenters are funded by big corporations with deep pockets and will happily fork over whatever Micron wants to charge them. The smart people didn't by RAM before the RAM prices went up, they bought stock in Micron and a few other companies.

Unless it is a Ryzen 9 9950X3D2, there is always a better choice. But a 5600x will be more than capable of utilizing a 5060 to it's potential.

People keep saying to buy used, but the used market seems to have caught on and RAM on ebay and FB Marketplace is pretty much at or near retail prices for new RAM. But, yeah, CXMT is increasing production capacity and I expect others are doing the same. No one with the ability to cache in on the profit margins Samsung, SK Hynix and Micron are seeing is sitting idly by. And those three weren't always the king of the hill, either. In the 1990s, Hitachi, Fujitsu, NEC, IBM, Toshiba, Intel and even Texas Instruments were RAM kings at some point. The RAM shortage of the early to mid 1990s is largely forgotten now, but at it's peak, 16MB (16MB on Windows 95 would be similar to running Win 11 with 16GB today) cost over $600, over $1200 adjusted for inflation. So even at the inflated prices today, it could be far worse.

For gaming, the 5800XT is the better option. The extra cores won't help with games and neither will the extra L3 cache because it is split between the two clusters. A 5800XT will last as long as a 5900XT.

Then that tells you that the GPU is limiting you, not the CPU. The GPU is your bottleneck. There is always a bottleneck somewhere. There is no way around that. A bottleneck isn't a problem by itself. The question is, "Is the performance acceptable at the settings I want to play at?" Marketing folks have been using the term "bottleneck" incorrectly most of the time to make you think there is a problem that needs to be solved. Bottlenecks are downstream. A CPU never bottlenecks the GPU. The CPU maybe the bottleneck in a particular game, but it isn't a bottleneck to the GPU. In this case, the CPU is limiting your performance, but it isn't limiting the GPU. The GPU simply doesn't have enough work to be fully utilized. If the GPU had plenty of work to do, but something was preventing it from doing that work, like a DMA memory transfer, then memory transfers could be bottlenecking the GPU.

Right now, Micron, Samsung, and SK Hynix have that title. ALL of these guys are in it for PROFIT. ALL... OF... THEM...

I can't tell if they are Macs, or at least which one, but the gs has a "foot" that sticks out at the bottom that is not present here.

Between those two, I would take an 8400F and a 5070. But you can probably get a 7500F for around the same price or a 7600 for not much more and either of those is better for gaming as they have twice the L3 cache as a 8400F. While the Ryzen 7700 has more cores than a Ryzen 5 7600, most games will not take advantage of the extra cores, and the 7600 and 7700 have the same amount of L3 cache, which means the only benefit the 7700 has over the 7600 for gaming is the additional .2GHz boost clock which gives you less than a 4% improvement in single threaded performance on average.

I have heard of horror stories of how well NT "scaled" and participated in baling out one company from that mess (their CIO had come from MS, and went back to MS when he was relieved of his position at the company). I'm sure within an individual office network it was fine, but that doesn't actually require a lot of scalability. I was in the industry when NT came out (TBF, I was in the industry well before it came out). I asked many corporate users why they hadn't switched to NT and they all said the same thing. In their testing, it didn't scale well, it had minimal security (it only received TCSEC C2 security classification and that wasn't until NT 4.0), and no-one trusts Microsoft with mission-critical applications. And I was getting that message well into the 2000s, until I quit speaking at technical conferences. If you wanted a long-term scalable platform, you went with IBM, Unix, etc, not NT. Windows 2000 Professional was the first NT descendant that met our company's desktop security requirements, and that was only with Symantec Enterprise Security Suite running on top of it. Was it better than Windows 3.1 or Windows for Workgroups 3.11? Oh definitely. By a long shot. But what it was and what it was billed as were two different things. And when it shipped it wasn't ready. It sure as heck wasn't ready when Bill demoed it. OS/2 was technically superior, but IBM didn't know how to market it. And it was so easy to run Windows apps on it that very few companies ported their Windows apps to OS/2. Add to that MS had exclusive per processor contracts with all the major OEMs to sell Windows on every PC (up until MS got sued by the DOJ). At one point, you could only get it preloaded on an IBM PC through special requests as a corporate client, and even those PCs and laptops came with a Windows activation key sticker on the back. I'm surprised OS/2 made it to 2006. Warp 4.0 came out in 1996 and I figured it would be gone before 2000. But even in the 2010s, it was being used in airport check-in kiosks and home teller machines. I have personally seen those devices. There may have been others as well. Now, those devices run Linux.

If it ain't broke, don't fix it. When temps start going up, then you repaste. Just make sure to run the PC for a few minutes to warm the past up and make it easier to remove the cooler.

The CPU isn't limiting you, much. Memory may be. What are your memory specs? MT/s, or MHz, and CL? 1 stick? 2? 4? And what slots are they in? Have you checked task manager to see if anything is running in the backround chewing up memory or other resources? Also, what is your GPU utilization?

Yes, it was. But it didn't in the first release. Not only that, MS couldn't figure out how to get Win3.1 apps to run well, so they licensed software from another company. Even at that, Win 3.1 apps ran better in OS/2 than they did in Windows NT. There were a lot of jokes about NT back in the day because MS kept pushing back dates. Like "NT" standing for "Not There", or how MS was only releasing screen shots when they had promised a beta version ("The most stable, bug-free screen shots we've ever seen.")

run your PC for a few minutes to let the thermal paste warm up. Otherwise, you may find it difficult to remove the cooler from the CPU, or pull the CPU out of the socket with the cooler. But why a 5900XT? Is this for gaming? If so, a 5800XT is actually a little better for gaming and cheaper. And a 5800Xt is only about 3-5% more performance than a 5600XT. There are also rumors that the 5800X3D will get re-released as part of the AM4 tenth anniversary. TechPowerUp even had an image of the consumer packaging [https://www.techpowerup.com/348318/amd-ryzen-7-5800x3d-am4-10th-anniversary-edition-box-pictured](https://www.techpowerup.com/348318/amd-ryzen-7-5800x3d-am4-10th-anniversary-edition-box-pictured) OTOH, if you are doing Blender, AfterEffects, Adobe Premier Pro, or other multi-threaded tasks, the 5900XT is a good way to go to get more life out of your PC.

Well, the RX 6600XT that they replaced your friend's original GPU with may have been RMA'd itself, refurbished and then sent to your friend. They may not even have found an issue in testing and put it into the replacement bin. It took your friend three years to find out what the original owner discovered (or did to it) right away. TL;DR: ASUS replaced your friend's GPU with a GPU that was already prone to dying a slow death, but still made it though inspection. There are plenty of other possibilities, as well.

Yes, there will be games when the CPU is limiting you and there will be games where the GPU is still limiting. But you still have DLSS (which isn't bad) and frame gen (which I haven't actually tried, yet). And there are times where the memory may be limiting. Even with XMP, the 6700K is limited to 2133MHz and the 7600K is limited to 2400MHz (I think), at least on my B250 Bazooka motherboard. But it looks like the Z270 will allow you to go quite a bit higher. And there are a few games where neither CPU nor GPU gt over 60 to 70% and I suspect it might be memory that is limiting things. But I'm still getting over 100fps. I get well over 200fps with Doom Eternal on high/ultra settings at 1440p native and up to 300fps using DLSS. And the GPU is still the limiting factor!

Windows NT, At Comdex (I think) Bill Gates demoed multitasking by playing a CD through the sound card (the way you did in DOS - once it starts playing, there is no further involvement from the OS or CPU) and then running a spreadsheet. The next day, on the same stage, an IBM rep demoed OS/2 by playing music from a wav file on the hard drive, running a few spreadsheet recalcs, and typing a letter in a word processor in a Windows 3.1 VM all at the same time. Later versions of NT could multitask, but not in the beginning.

IBM branded floppy disks were usually rebranded 3M discs. I have some I can still read from.

No. Not for long, anyway.

People don't realize just how much better Intel CPUs of that era were compared to AMD CPUs. A 6700K was up to 3x more performance for single threaded tasks compared to an AMD A12-9800E or X4 860K. The 6700K is similar to a Ryzen 5 3600 in gaming performance. While my best PC is a 13700K with a 4070 Ti, the one I play on most lately has a i7-7600K and a RTX 4060. So far, there is very little that is hampered by the CPU, and even when it is, I am still getting over 100fps at 1080p native. I probably wont be playing BL4 on it as a 6700K doesn't meet minimum requirements. But Hogwarts looks VERY good so far at 1440p High. Marvel Rivals though is the one where CPU utilization gets up into the 85-90% range (and rendering shaders took a few hours). So, I think you could throw a half decent GPU in there and be very happy.

try push up on the bottom of the screw from outside the case as you unscrew from the top. Use a wide flathead screw driver or a metal scraper and push up on the bottom of the screw with the flat of the blade with your finger under the blade.

It really depends on the cat and their age. And yes, it does work. Operant conditioning is tried and true, and was proved by B. F. Skinner decades ago. It has been confirmed by Pavlov and thousands of others, from scientists to animal trainers. Yes, you'd prefer to reward for correct behavior, but punishment for incorrect behavior works almost as well. Of course, some cats are smart enough to associate the water bottle with the punishment and will only avoid the behavior when the water bottle isn't present. Other cats are smart enough to associate both you and the water bottle with the punishment and will only avoid the behavior when you are around.

Idle doesn't matter... what is utilization when gaming.

Just aim well. 😁

This. Our cats rarely puke. And two of ours are siamese, the b1tchiest, most privileged armhole cats on the planet. The other two are torties, which are the devil reincarnated. Get a spray bottle and spray (stream) them with water whenever you see them on the PC. If that doesn't work, use 50% vinegar, 50% water.

Do you use any hardware monitoring software to see what CPU utilization is during these games? What is the refresh rate on your monitor? Also, have you checked in task manager to see if there are any other apps consuming CPU and/or memory while you play? But yeah BF6 can be a resource hog.

One of the problems I had with Made for ME PCs is that the manufacturer didn't make any 98 drivers, so I couldn't roll it back to a stable 98SE. The when XP came out, the manufacturer didn't put out anf XP drivers. The ME drivers weren't great, either. On other upgraded to ME PCs, 98 drivers were very flaky, if they worked at all.

Even if you just want to upgrade, still not a bad idea to see what upgrade would be most beneficial.

What problems are you having? What makes you think you need an upgrade? Have you seen the utilization of GPU and CPU when you are having these issues? If you are consistently CPU bound, then a new GPU won't help. On the other hand, if you aren't seeing high utilization of CPU or GPU, then an upgrade isn't going to help much.

You need to plug in power to your fan/led hub or the case. You would have disconnected it when you removed the old PSU. Most use a SATA power connector, but some older ones use a moles power connector.

Price was a BIG difference back then.

You don't need to increase the clock, but you can, so why not? I had to wait 4 weeks for them to arrive.

How do you know the r5 5500 is limiting you? What games are you playing? And what kind of performance do you expect?

Replacing the 8086 in a PC/XT with a NEC V30 and the replacing the clock chip with a little faster one to get even more speed (10 Mhz if I recall). It has been so long... also replaced the 8088 in a PCjr with a NEC V20.

Budget? We can't really make a recommendation without a budget. But a used console may be the best bet. While Forza 6 isn't particularly demanding at it's lowest setting in modern PC terms, it requires significantly more than Sims and Tractor Simulator. It also requires a lot more than the potato you can run Fortnite on. Another thing to be aware of, though, is that some consoles now require a subscription, which means you could pay less up front, but more in the long run. Do you have a PC now that you can upgrade (not the laptop)? Where do you live (Country/State)? If in the US can you get to a Microcenter?

In the US, you could pick up a i7-6700k, motherboard, 16gb, cooler combo for $150, a Rtx 2060 for $130 on eBay. Then a cheap case, SSD, and PSU for $50 each for a total of $430. But I have bo idea what ebay prices are like in the Philipines.

I used to skydive with some Cray engineers in Wisconsin in the late 1980s and early 1990s. I heard lots of fun stories about Seymour. I also had a college professor who had worked at Cray before going to TI and then becoming a professor. I'm pretty sure you could emulate a Cray on a Raspberry Pi these days.

I used Basic on the BBC Micro. It was brilliant, efficient, and even allowed you to embed 6502 assembler instructions in the BASIC source. It was superior to anything MS had produced up to that point.

Acording to an article I read in the mid 1980s (Byte?? Apple Incident? ?? I don't recall), Apple BASIC was particularly buggy early on, as written by Mr. Gates, himself. A high school student wrote them a letter about all the bugs he'd found, and using the BASIC and Applesoft source from the Apple II technical reference, pointed out some of the places in the code that needed to be fixed. Bill "hired" the kid as a summer intern and had the kid fix all his bugs. The kid received a new Apple II as payment.

Let me ask you this, if you decided to learn how to build a car, would you start with a Ferrari? Seriously though, it is hard to screw up the GPU. The CPU is difficult to screw up itself, but we've seen plenty of examples of people bending pins in the motherboard socket, putting in the CPU backwards or misaligned and then forcing the the CPU latch or the cooler in place. And there are other common mishaps, many of which are easily solved or avoided. So, watch the Linus tech talk video on building a PC, go to r/Buildapc an look at the resource links on the right and decide if it is something you want to tackle. If you are in the US, and can get to a Midrocenter, you can bring in the components and they will help you build it, for a small fee, or they will build it for you for more.