Well, sort of. The same vulnerability vector exists with Firefox (and any web browser for that matter), but how it actually interfaces with the rest of your system means they can implement some rudimentary level of telematics even at the lowest levels. It's a semi regular occurrence for open source low level libraries to either explicitly implement tracking of some kind, or to be discovered to have implemented other backdoors for purposes of tracking and/or deanonymization. Sometimes the developers aren't aware they're implementing these backdoors (often it is rogue developers or government compelled developers programming them into these libraries), but many times they are since it can be valuable for them to collect information through competing projects (like Brave).

But again, that's not a problem of Chromium specifically, rather a problem with how modern software is developed, and the difficulty of detecting this tracking in any open source product.