Are the vast majority of job boards listing fake jobs?

I’ve recently had a few jobs I’ve looked on job boards that demand a subscription fee when you attempt to apply for them. Dodgy as fuck quite frankly. Job boards all advertising the same jobs is par for the course to be honest. My main issues are setting up job alerts, which alert me to pretty much any job except the one I’ve set the alert up for, and recruitment agencies. I have used a lot of specialist job agencies in the past which is how I usually find work. It used to be the case that they’d post their roles, you’d give them a call and they’d fall over themselves to try and get you in. These days all their websites are ‘send us your CV and we’ll call you if we have anything. Don’t call us, we’ll call you’. I’d not hear a peep from any of them in months. IR35 has not helped there.